bagi ilmu (learning English)

yang lagi belajar bahasa Inggris nih...
yah it's for beginners

Mc

The (event, competition …) is going to start any minutes from now. All the contestants and the guests are invited to come inside the hall and take your seats. Thank you.

Asalamu’alaikum wr. Wb. And very (good morning / afternoon / evening)

On behalf of the organizing committee, we are pleased to welcome all of you to our (…). We hope that all contestants can compete in a healthy manner and this event can walk smoothly. Firstly let me introduce myself as master of ceremony. My name is (……)

Ladies and gentlemen, before we start our program for today, I would like to call (….) to come to the stage and lead the prayer.

Thank you to (…) for leading the prayer just now

Ladies and gentlemen let me read the events that we have…

Let call our First performance (speech) by…..

Thank you for your performace

Second performance (reading poem) by ….

Thank you for your performance……

Ladies and gentlemen thank you for your attention and see you for the next time…

Wasalamu’alaikum wr.wb.

Part of Speech

Part of speech : posisi dan fungsi kata dalam kalimat

Kata/ word : rangkaian huruf yang bermakna kecuali I dan a

                          Eg: tulis

                          I buy a book = four word/ empat kata

                          Kinds :Kata benda/ noun           eg: rumah, mobil/ house, car

                                      Kata ganti/ pronoun       eg: saya, kita/ I , we

                                      Kata sifat/ adjective       eg: cantik, jelek/ beautiful, ugly

                                      Kata keterangan/ adverb   eg: disana, disini/ there, here

                                      kata kerja/ verb               eg: menulis,makan/ write, eat

                                      Kata sambung/ conjunction    eg: karena, tetapi/ because, but

                                        Kata depan/ preposition        eg: di, untuk/ in, for/to

                                        Kata seru/ exclamation/ interjection    eg: oh, wow/ ouch, wow

Part of Speech

Noun

1.       Regular and irregular plural nouns 
 Regular plural noun yaitu noun yang apabila dijamakkan (plural) maka cukup dengan menambahkan s / es

                          Regular plural noun:

Song → songs	(kebanyakan untuk membentuk plural noun cukup ditambahkan s)
Box → boxes	(jika noun berakhiran –sh, -ch, -s, -z dan –x maka ditambahkan es untuk membentuk jamaknya)
Potato → potatoes Hero → heroes Auto → autos Photo → photos	(Beberapa noun yang berakhiran –o ditambahkan es namun ada pula                      yang cukup menambahkan -s saja)
Mosquito → mosquitos/ mosquitoes Zero → zeros/ zeroes Volcano → volcanos/ volcanoes	(beberapa noun yang berakhiran –o bisa ditambahkan s atau es tetapi umumnya menggunakan peembahan es
Calf → calves Wolf → wolves Knife → knives Self →selves Belief → beliefs Cliff → cliffs	Beberapa noun yang berakhiran –f  atau –ef huruf f atau ef tersebut diganti dengan v kemudian ditambahkan es namun ada pula                      yang cukup menambahkan -s saja tanpa merubah apapun.

          Irregular noun

One deer → two deer One means → two means One series → two series One species → two species	tanpa penambahan s  atau es
Criterion → criteria Cactus → cacti Formula →formulae Appendix → appendices	Mempunyai bentuk plural yang berbeda karena diambil dari bahasa lain.

2.       Possessive nouns (kepemilikan)

Singular noun The girl → the girl’s A lady →a lady’s Tom → tom’s Thomas → Tomas’ / Thomas’s	Untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan, tambahkan apostrophe (‘) dan –s untuk noun tunggal
	Jika noun tunggal berakhiran s maka ada dua cara: ·        Tambahakan apostrophe (‘) dan –s ·        Tambahakan apostrophe (‘) saja
Plural noun The girls  → the girls’ The ladies  → the ladies’ The men  → the men’s The children  → the children’s	Jika noun jamak berakhiran s maka Tambahakan apostrophe (‘) saja tambahkan apostrophe (‘) dan –s untuk noun jamak yang tidak berakhiran s

Part of Speech

Pronoun

 Personal pronoun

	Subject pronoun (kata ganti subyek)	Object pronoun (kata ganti obyek)	Possessive pronoun (kata ganti kepemilikan)	Possessive adjective (kata ganti kepemilikan yang harus disertai dengan benada)
Singular	I You She, He, It	Me You Her, Him, It	Mine Yours Hers, His, Its	My name Your name Her, His, Its name
plural	We You They	Us You Them	Ours Yours Theirs	Our name Your name Their name

Indefinite pronouns (kata ganti yang belum jelas)

Everyone                     someone                     anyone                 no one

Everybody                  somebody                  anybody              nobody

Everything                  something                  anything              nothing

Part of Speech

Adjective and Adverb (kata sifat dan kata keterangan)

Adjective biasanya digunakan untuk mensifati sebuah benda sedangkan adverb menerangkan kata sifat (adjective) dan kata kerja (verb)

Quickly dan seriously adalah adverb. Banyak adverb yang dibuat dari bentuk adjective + ly.

Adjective:     quick        serious        careful                  quiet                     heavy                    bad

Adverb:    quickly        seriously      carefully               quietly                  heavily                  badly

Akan tetapi tidak semua yang berakhiran ly adalah adverb. Beberapa adjective juga berakhiran ly.

Example:       friendly                      lively                      elderly                  lonely                    silly                        

Adjectives (quick/careful etc) menjelaskan kata benda (noun). Kita menggunakan adjectives sebelum noun atau setelah beberapa verb, terutama verb “be” Tom is a careful driver. Bukan (a carefully driver) Please be quiet Bandingkan : She speaks perfect English                      Adjective+ noun

Adverbs (quickly/ carefully etc) menjelaskan verb. Adverb menjelaskan tentang bagaimana seseorang tersebut melakukan sesuatu atau bagaimana sesuatu terjadi. Tom drove carefully along the narrow road. Bukan (drove careful) Please speak quietly.   She speaks English perfectly.        Verb + object + adverb

Adverb juga digunakan sebelum adjectives dan beberapa adverb yang lain. Example:

Reasonably cheap           (adverb + adjective)

Terribly sorry                     (adverb + adjective)

Incredibly quickly            (adverb + adverb)

Tenses

Simple present

Fungsi simple present

·         mengekspresikan  Kalimat umum dari sebuah fakta atau sebuah kebenaran umum

·         mengekspresikan  Kalimat untuk kegiatan sehari-hari

·         mengekspresikan  Bentuk continuous yang apabila verbnya tidak bisa dicontinuoskan (bentuk ing)

·         mengekspresikan jadwal yang sudah pasti

+	S + V1(s/es)	She eats
_	S + do/does +not + V1	She does not eat
?	Do / does + S + V1?	Does she eat?

Tenses

Present continuous

Fungsi present continuous

·         mengekspresikan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung ketika berbicara maupun tidak sedang ketika berbicara

·         mengekspresikan waktu yang akan datang → sesuau yang sudah direncanakan

+	S + am/are/is + Ving	She is eating
_	S + am/are/is + not + Ving	She is not eating
?	Am/are/is + S + Ving?	Is she eating?

Tenses

 Simple past

Fungsi simple past

·         menunjukkan suatu kegiatan yang dimulai dan selesai di waktu lampau (biasanya disertai dengan waktu yang spesifik)

+	S + V2	She ate
_	S + did + not + V1	She did not eat
?	Did + S + V1?	Did she eat?

Tenses

Simple future

Fungsi simple future

·         prediction (prediksi) → will/ be going to

·         prior plan (rencana) → be going to

·         willingness (spontan) → will

+	S + will/ shall + V1	She will eat
_	S + will/shall + not + V1	She will not eat
?	Will/shall + S + V1?	Will she eat?

Exercise of POS (part of speech)

Put the pronoun of the underlined words

1.       That house belongs to Andi and Udin

2.       Jamal did not see Rina in the dark.

3.       Izza and I go to Vicky’s house.

4.       Is this English book your book or his sister’s book?

5.       Their house and our house are both on the same block.

6.       Do Bill and you read that newspaper every morning?

Identify the adjective or adverb of the underlined words.

1.       I am very well

2.       He speaks English well

3.       The beautiful baby has cried loudly

Write the plural form of the following nouns

1.       Child                                                             

2.       sheep          

3.       Zero                                                              

4.       tornado

5.       Mouse                                                         

6.       half

7.       Sheep                                                          

8.       self

9.       Series                                                           

10.   wolf

Exercise of tenses

Change the tenses

You had dinner

(-) Simple past                                   :

(?) Simple present           :

I will go to school

(-) Simple future              :

(?) Simple future              :

They are not here

(-) Simple past                   :

(-) Simple future              :

I am going to sleep

(-) Simple present           :

(?) Simple past                  :

Does she read abook?

(-) Simple present           :

(+) Simple future             :

The baby cries

(?) Simple future              ;

(-) Simple present           :

(+) Simple past                  :

Father watch television

(+) Simple future             :

(?) Simple past                  :

 

Introduce self

Introduce yourself to your friend. This script will help you (you may change it)

I want to introduce myself.

My complete name is ……

May call name (nick name) is ……

I am …. Years old

I was born on …

I live at …..

My phone number is….

My face book address is …

My hobby is ….

Dialog

Ani      : Hello. My name is Ani. What’s your name?

Dessy   : I’m Dessy

Ani       : Nice name. I like it very much.

Dessy   : Thank you. Your name is good too.

Ani       : Nice to meet you, Dessy.

Dessy    : Nice to meet you too, Ani

Introducing someone

Jaka : good morning Ani

Ani : morning Jaka, I would like to introduce my friend to you.

Jaka: alright, who is she?

Ani: this is Dessy and Dessy, this is Jaka

Dessy: hi Jaka nice to meet you.

Jaka: Nice to meet you to Dessy. Then where will you go?

Dessy: canteen, d o you want follow?

Jaka: ok. Let’s go

Talking on phone

Dialog 1

Kring… kring….kring…

Sasi      : Hello, good evening, this is Daud family, now with Sasi, may I help you?

Nina     : Hi Sasi, I am Nina. I want to talk to you

Sasi      : Yes Nina, what’s happening?

Nina     : Are you free tomorrow morning, would like to invite you to my house.

Sasi      : Yes, I’m free and I will go to your house. Anyway what’s event?

Nina     : My brother celebrates his win of swimming tournament.

Sasi      : Wow great. Congratulation for your brother Nina

Nina     : Yes, thank you. See you tomorrow.

Sasi      : See you.

Dialog 2

Kring… kring…kring

Dina     : Hello, Arjuna office, Dina’s speaking, who in there and may I help you?

Nina     : I’m Nina, may I speak to Dodi?

Dina     : I’m sorry, Dodi is not in his place, any message for him?

Nina     : Yes, please call me after his back.

Dina     : Any else?

Nina     : No, thank you

Dina     : You are welcome.

At Restaurant (order n taking order)

Dialog1

Waiter     : May I help you, sir?

Agus       : I’d like some hot milk please.

Waiter     : I am sorry; we haven’t got any milk left. How about coffee or tea?

Agus       : Hot coffee, please.

Waiter     : Just a minute, please.

Dialog2

Waiter    : Good afternoon madam, may I help you?

Alice      : I’d like to order some foods. Can you tell me what food serves here?

Waiter    : We have special menus. They are tamarind soup, Javanese fried chicken and coconut ice.

Alice      : I would like tamarind soup and coconut ice please.

Waiter    : just a minute, please.

Alice      : Yes, bring me the bill also.

Waiter    : Yes Madam.

(Waiter comes and brings order)

Waiter    : Excuse me madam, this is your order and this is you bill.

Alice      : Yes, thank you. (Give some money)

Waiter    : Thank you, enjoy your meal.

Reserving

Dialog1

Bob       : How can I help you?

Mary     : I would like to purchase two tickets to London, please.

Bob       : When do you want to go?

Mary     : Today, please.

Bob       : I’m sorry, but today is sold out.

Mary     : How about tomorrow?

Bob       : Yes, we have tickets available for tomorrow.

Dialog 2

Bob                                  : Excuse me, is it right Sancaka Hotel?

Customer service             : Yes sir, may I help you?

Bob                                  : I want to book a room that has double bedroom and swimming pool view.

Customer service             : Yes, Sir for what day?

Bob                                  : This last week end and for two days.

Customer service             : Alright, for what’s name, sir?

Bob                                  : Bob.

Customer service             : Thank you sir for your reservation, you can pay the bill tomorrow when you come here or you transfer it.

Bob                                   : You are welcome.

Buy something

Customer           : Good morning.

Shop assistant    : Morning. What can I do for you?

Customer           : I need a sweater. Can you show me please?

Shop assistant    : Sure. What color do you want?

Customer           : Red one, please

Shop assistant    : Here it is.

Customer           : Thank you. Anyway how much it is?

Shop assistant    : Rp150.000

Customer           : Wow, quite expensive, any discount?

Shop assistant    : Do you have member card?

Customer           : Yes, of course

Shop assistant    : If you have member card, you get discount 50%.

Customer           : Alright, I will take it.

Tell the location

Dialog 1

Diky       : Excuse me, could tell me where the post office is?

Ardi        : Yes, go straight ahead around 100 meters. The post office is on the left of the street.

Diky       : Thank you.

Dialog 2

                Mr. Boy is on a vacation in a town. He is trying to get the bank but he doesn’t know how. He is asking someone for the information.

Mr. Boy               : Excuse me; do you know where the first national bank is madam?

Mrs. Ema             : Yes, just go straight down this road and the bank is on your right sir.

Mr. Boy                : Thank you very much, madam. By the way, can you tell me how get the subway station from the bank?

Mrs. Ema              : Sure you have to take the no.67 bus and get off in Bakker Street. The sub way station is there.

Mr. Boy                : Are you sure? As far as I know the guide book informs us that we have to take the no. 76 bus

Mrs. Ema             : You are right. I confused the no. 76 with the no. 67 one.

Mr. Boy               : Thank you, madam. Have a pleasant day.

Mrs. Ema             : You’re very welcome Sir.